RIP - [Part 2] - Version 2 - Quick Review

Protocol Type -  Distance Vector Protocol

Cisco Proprietary -  Yes

IGP/EGP - IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol)

Administrative Distance - 120

Routed Protocol Support -  IPv4 (IPv6 in RPing)

Transport Protocol - UDP Port 520

Updates -  Full route table update

VLSM/CIDR Support - Support

Classlful/Classless Protocol  - Classless Protocol

Dis-contiguous Network Support - Support

Hop Count Limit - 15

Algorithm - Bellman Ford

Broadcast/Multicast Based -  Multicast Based

Multicast Address - 224.0.0.9

Authentication - MD5 (Message Digest 5) Authentication

Hierarchical Network Requirement -  RIPv2 networks are flat. So RIPv2 has no concept of areas or boundaries, but has aggregation concept.

Metrics - Hop Count

Manual Summarization Support - Does not Support

Auto Summarization Support - Support

Working Process - In a RIP network, each router broadcast its entire routing table to its all neighboring routers or on all active interfaces after every 30 second. After that, when a router receives a neighbor's routing table, it uses these provided information to update its own routing table and then sends own updated routing table to its all neighbors.

Loop Avoidance Mechanism -  

• Maximum Hop Count
• Split Horizon
• Route Poisoning
• Hold-downs

Best Path Selection - RIP only uses hop count as a metrics to determine the best path to the remote network, always a route with the lowest hop count will be prefer as best path to remote network. If there are more than one link available with the same hop count to the same destination in RIP network, then RIP will perform a Round-Robin load balancing automatically. RIP can perform load balancing for up to 6 equal cost link and by default is 4.

Load Balancing - If there are more than one link available with the same hop count to the same destination in RIP network, then RIP will perform a Round-Robin load balancing automatically. RIP can perform load balancing for up to 6 equal cost link and by default is 4.

Passive Interface -  You can set the single or all interface as passive, if you configured a interface as passive, means the routing updates will not be sent out this interface. Passive interface [interface_name] command will prevent the interface from sending out routing updates but will allow the interface to receive or learn updates.

Convergence - Slow convergence due to periodic update.

Timer - 

• Route update timer (30 Second)
• Route invalid timer (180 Second)
• Hold-down timer (180 Second)
• Route flush timer (240 Second)

Strength -

• Easy to configure and use
• RIPv2 support for VSLM/CIDR, MD5 Authentication, and route summarization.

Weakness -

• Prone to routing loops
• Limit of hop count in RIP is 15, means if anything require 16 hop, it will be deemed unreachable. So it is not suitable for large network 
• Slow convergence due to periodic update. 
• RIP does not have knowledge of the bandwidth of a link 
• RIP does not support multiple paths for the same route 
• Prone to routing loops

How to enable -

Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#version 2

Router(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0

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Anubhav Upadhyay

Hello and welcome to networktopic Blog. My name is Anubhav. I am a Senior Network Egineer. I have created this blog specially to serve interview questions and answer on Network Routing and Switching, I will try my best to serve correct and updated networking knowledge for you as per my corporate experience.

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